Researchers
in Ghana say they are recording favourable outcomes in the trials of
genetically modified (GM) rice in the country.
The
confined field trials started in April 2013 at Nobewam in the Ashanti region,
after receiving approval from the National Biosafety Committee (NBC).
The
fourth successive experiment of the Nitrogen Use Efficiency (NUE) rice is being
conducted by the Crops Research Institute (CRI) of the Council for Scientific
and Industrial Research (CSIR).
Principal
Investigator, Dr. Maxwell Asante, says the project has already identified a
lead event which will give at least a 15percent yield advantage over non-GM
version of the planted rice.
“If
the lead event is confirmed, we will request for permission from the NBC to
allow it to be grown by farmers in Ghana after testing. The genes that make the
GM rice nitrogen-use efficient will then be transferred to other varieties in
Ghana through conventional breeding methods,” he stated.
There
is strong opposition to the introduction of GM crops in Ghana’s food production
chain.
Biosafety
advocate, Albert Aubyn, however says there is no cause for worry with the
current trials, noting that field activities are strictly in conformity with
regulative measures.
“Not
until the experiment has proved that it is safe for humans to use, what we do
is that we make sure that in this case of rice, pollen doesn’t flow out to
pollinate other related crops,” he said.
Ghana
spends over $500million annually in rice importation, in addition to huge
foreign exchange in the importation of other food items.
“Biotechnology
is cutting-edge technology that can help us in our quest to improve food
security,” said Dr. Stella Ennin, Director of the CSIR-CRI. “Fertilizer is very
necessary for our plants, yet the cost is so high and our farmers cannot afford
it; so we are going around the system to find varieties that can produce a good
crop of rice with minimum nitrogen fertilizer applied and we are using the
science of GMO.”
The
next set of experiment will involve the evaluation of the triple-stack gene
rice plants to identified lead events in nitrogen-use efficiency, water-use efficiency
and salt tolerant genetically modified rice – dubbed “NEWEST Rice”.
This
will especially help farmers deal with the effects of climate change and expand
rice cultivation to areas previously not supported.
Ghana’s
GM or NEWEST Rice is projected to go commercial within the next three to five
years.
Three
confined field trials of rice, cowpea and cotton are currently being evaluated
in Ghana in compliance with the Biosafety Act 2011, Act 831, which regulates
GMOs.
Story by Kofi Adu Domfeh