Sunday, September 30, 2012
Accelerating African agriculture beyond the tipping point
Significant
changes have been made in the move towards an African Green Revolution within
the past two years, but there are actions that need to be taken to scale up
agriculture.
The African Green Revolution Forum (AGRF) in Arusha has
therefore concluded with the production of concrete actions to transform
Africa’s agricultural sector.
African heads of state, ministers,
private sector representatives, the international community and farmers united on
the roadmap for increasing agricultural productivity and income growth for the
African agricultural sector, with support for smallholder farmers at the centre
of all solutions.
The AGRF 2012 action areas focused on
four major themes: rethinking public-private partnerships, revolutionizing
agricultural finance, making markets work, and building the foundations for
rapid growth in agricultural productivity.
At
his closing remarks at AGRF 2010 in Accra, Kofi Annan declared that the
continent had arrived at the “tipping point” in the challenge of scaling up
Africa’s Green Revolution.
Two
years on, the AGRA Chair is convinced that agriculture in Africa has begun to
accelerate beyond the tipping point, stating that there has been a rising level
of interest and action to improve the agricultural policy environment.
“Public
and private investment in agriculture increased, due to better policies and
regulatory measures”, he said. “We have seen greater small-holder access to
improved, higher yielding seed of stable foods, and to more affordable
fertilizer and better techniques for its application, such as microdosing.
Significant investments have taken place in large breadbasket areas in Ghana,
Mali, Mozambique and here in Tanzania, as well as in several agricultural
growth corridors”.
Former
AGRA President, Dr. Namanga Ngogi, stated that though the wish is for the agricultural
revolution to be instantaneous, some time is required for the development of
appropriate technologies, financial systems and policies to set off.
“But
I am confident that 10 years from now, we’ll all see that there is a major movement
in Africa that is really in transformation of agriculture”, he projected.
Following
recent discussions at the World Economic Forum (WEF) Africa, the G8 and David
Cameron’s Hunger Summit, the African Green Revolution Forum is seeking ways to
unite the power of the public- and private-sectors in the global food security
efforts.
Yara President
and Chief Executive Officer, Jørgen Ole Haslestad, who is the co-chair of the Forum,
said the AGRF serves as an important incubator for innovative solutions to
growing the African agricultural sector.
“Public-
and private-sector leaders are joining forces in unprecedented ways to ensure a
more food secure future,” he said. “We have seen great success when players
come together and invest strategically – we hope to build on new momentum and
work together to transform agriculture in Africa.”
Commenting on the success of the
forum and the critical next steps, AGRA President, Jane Karuku stated that “the
international community is beginning to realize that the smallholder is an
entrepreneur, and that farming is a business. AGRF inspired tremendous
discussions and developed actionable plans to bring us closer to achieving food
and nutrition security. It is critical that we move forward with these real,
practical and pragmatic actions at the farmer-level, not at the office-level.”
Story by Kofi Adu Domfeh/in Arusha,
Tanzania
Friday, September 28, 2012
US$ 10 million grant to boost Africa-based agricultural entrepreneurs
A
US$10 million grant to support the development of Africa-based innovations to
boost African agricultural growth has been announced by the Swedish
International Development Cooperation Agency (Sida) and of the Alliance for a
Green Revolution in Africa (AGRA).
Sida
Representative, Henrik Riby and AGRA President, Mrs. Jane Karuku formalized the
agreement this week in a signing ceremony at the African Green Revolution Forum
in Arusha.
The
grant is awarded by Sida as part of its program area focused on inclusive
business and pro-poor economic growth, with investments that must significantly
contribute to poverty reduction and rural development.
“We
know that a more effective and professional agriculture sector can make a real
difference for millions of people living in poverty in sub-Saharan Africa”, said
Henrik Riby. “By sharing the financial risks of private investments in
agribusiness, we hope to encourage new sustainable ways of raising rural
incomes.”
The
grant will be directly channeled to the African Agribusiness Window of African
Enterprise Challenge Fund (AECF), a fund hosted by AGRA. It will enable Africa-based entrepreneurs to
submit new and innovative business solutions to accelerate the development of
the agricultural sector in Africa.
The
grant is expected to benefit at least an additional 300,000 people with extra
income, employment, market access and transfer of know-how.
Between
10-12 winners will be selected and provided with funding to develop their ideas
into practical
projects that are both commercially viable and will have a
broad developmental impact on the rural poor. The projects will have a
significant focus on the empowerment of women and environmental sustainability.
“The
African Enterprise Challenge Fund is an important contributor to AGRA’s goals
and strategy, and its impact will be enhanced with this grant from the Swedish
International Development Cooperation Agency,” said Jane Karuku. “These
projects benefit millions of Africa’s rural poor in very practical ways such as
jobs, increased income, knowledge transfer and market access.”
The AECF invites private sector
companies to compete for investment support for their new and innovative
business ideas in
agri-business, rural financial services and renewable energy & adaptation
to climate change.
Story
by Kofi Adu Domfeh/in Arusha, Tanzania
Leaders in Africa’s agricultural economic development honoured
Leaders and visionaries in promoting a Green Revolution in Africa were
honoured at the African Green Revolution Forum (AGRF) Awards gala dinner in
Arusha.
The Awards recognize Africa’s top leaders in the quest to create
awareness of public-private initiatives to build a sustainable African
agri-business industry, inspire a Green Revolution in Africa and make Africa
food and nutrition secure.
The highlight of the event was the YARA Prize - the Grand Prix for
outstanding contributions to enhancing agricultural growth and food security in
Africa, and driving an African-led Green Revolution in Africa.
Yara International awarded the Yara Prize 2012 to Dr. Agnes
Kalibata, Minister of Agriculture and Animal Resources in Rwanda, and to Dr.
Eleni Gabre-Madhin, outgoing CEO of the Ethiopian Commodity Exchange (ECX) in
Ethiopia.
Dr. Kalibata was recognized for her outstanding leadership in the
transformation of food security and agricultural development in Rwanda, whilst Dr.
Gabre-Madhin was honoured for her remarkable stewardship in the transformation
process toward an efficiently functioning market, especially for smallholder
coffee producers in Ethiopia.
The AGRF Lifetime Achievement Award was presented to Dr. Namanga Ngongi
for his contribution to the transformation of Africa’s agricultural sector.
Dr. Ngongi has had a diverse career in both agriculture and
security, beginning in his native Cameroon, where he worked as an agricultural
extension officer for the Ministry of Agriculture, helping farmers to improve
yields and to diversify and market their crops.
Following this position, he served in a number of roles: he was
attached to the Cameroon Embassy in Rome, served as Deputy Executive of the
World Food Programme, and was appointed as Undersecretary-General and Special
Representative and Head of the UN Peacekeeping Mission in the Democratic
Republic of Congo.
Dr. Ngongi was the first full-time President of the Alliance for a
Green Revolution in Africa (AGRA), retiring in 2011.
Other individuals and organizations recognized for their commitment
and excellence included Media and Journalism – Joshua Kato,
Uganda; Private Sector Organizations – Neema
Agricole du Faso (Nafaso), Burkina Faso; Farmer Organizations – Faso Jigi, Mali; Academia
& Research Institutions –The African
Centre for Crop Improvement, at the University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa;
and Makerere University, Uganda.
The rest are Advocacy Organizations – Rural Urban Development Initiatives
(RUDI), Tanzania; and Youth & Women – Africaworks, Mozambique.
The African Green
Revolution Forum (AGRF) focuses on promoting
investments and policy support for driving agricultural productivity and income
growth for African farmers in an environmentally sustainable way.
Ghana prioritized under African Fertilizer and Agribusiness Partnership
Ghana
is among three priority countries for the African Fertilizer and Agribusiness
Partnership (AFAP), which is working to increase market competition and
sustainability in the fertilizer value chain.
The
Partnership is an independent non-profit innovation created by African
development organizations to build on the work of the Comprehensive Africa
Agriculture Development Programme (CAADP), a framework for achieving ambitious
agricultural development goals set by African nations.
The
fertilizer industries in Ghana, Mozambique and Tanzania are presently receiving
a $25 million support from the Alliance for a Green Revolution in Africa (AGRA)
to establish regional fertilizer and agribusiness development units.
AFAP
Vice President, Prof. Richard Mlomboji Mkandawire, says the partnership is an
innovative intervention that will promote the fertilizer market across Africa.
“For
Ghana obviously we’d like to see increased support to establishment of agro
dealer networks; networks that can genuinely emerge as business entities that
can grow to become importers of fertilizer” he noted.
AFAP
has set the goal of increasing the number of fertilizer users by 15 percent and
at least double total fertilizer use in the countries where it works.
Among
the CAADP priorities is a call for increased use of agricultural inputs,
including fertilizer.
However,
the implementation of fertilizer subsidy programmes by most African countries
has being politically tainted to the disadvantage of poor smallholder farmer.
Prof.
Mkandawire noted that “governments will need to continue with subsidies but
these must be smart subsidies; subsidies that are well focused and targeted at
those who need fertilizer most, not those who are well-off high- jacking the
fertilizer subsidy”.
AFAP
sees its work as a contribution to CAADP’s aim of bolstering fertilizer markets
and engaging the private sector in realizing goals set by African leaders.
Private
agribusinesses are offered incentives, initiatives and capability to support
farmers to source and use fertilizer.
“For
the past few years, we have had a vision of uniting the public and private
sectors to benefit African smallholder farmers. With AFAP now up and running, we
have started on the work of bolstering the fertilizer marketplace in Africa and
encouraging consistent and responsible fertilizer use so smallholder farmers
can grow food and profits”, stated AFAP President and CEO, Jason Scarpone.
The
AFAP was launched on the sidelines of the African Green Revolution Forum (AGRF
2012) in Arusha, Tanzania.
Thursday, September 27, 2012
African green revolution catalyst to global food security
The
ability to achieve food and nutrition security, both in Africa and globally,
depends on catalyzing a sustainable Green Revolution across the African
continent, says Kofi Annan, Chairman of the Alliance for a Green Revolution in
Africa (AGRA).
With
60% of the world’s uncultivated arable land in Africa, Mr. Annan believes
unleashing the potential of Africa’s agricultural sector is particularly
important today as the global food system is under acute and rising pressure.
“Ours
– the African Green Revolution – must be a revolution that draws on the lessons
from past efforts of this kind in Asia and Latin America. We need a “climate
smart” agriculture in Africa that increases the productivity of land, labour,
and capital invested in farming, and strengthens the resilience of farmers to
climate change”, he said.
The
AGRA Chair therefore says there should be no room for complacency in
investments in agriculture and charged developed countries and private sector
organizations to keep promises of increased support for Africa’s agriculture,
especially with the most recent New Alliance for Food Security and Nutrition.
“In
turn, African leaders must uphold their end of the bargain by continuing to
increase investment in agriculture and accelerating the implementation of their
country-led plans to achieve food and nutrition security’ he added.
Mr.
Annan was addressing the opening of the second African Green Revolution Forum
in Arusha, Tanzania, under the theme:“Scaling up Investment and Innovation
for Sustainable Agricultural Growth and Food Security”.
According
to the former UN Secretary-General, farmers must be at the heart of the
uniquely African Green Revolution.
“We
can’t increase food production at the speed and scale we need without
mobilizing the continent’s all-too-often neglected army of small-holders. Their
needs and realizing their potential must remain at heart of all our
discussions”.
Tanzanian
President, Dr. Jakaya Mrisho Kikwete, acknowledged
the numerous past initiatives and commitments to transform agriculture at
continental, regional and national levels, stating that these “are enough
evidence that we know what needs to be done. We have done enough so let us do
more. Let us begin by doing what we have agreed to do”.
“With
the right policy mix, appropriate interventions being taken by African
Governments, the continued support of donors, and robust participation of
private sector both local and foreign, transformation of agriculture in Africa
is an achievable undertaking”, he said. “I believe the time is now because
there seems to be a growing global consensus to assist Africa in transforming
its agriculture”.
African
leaders, chief executives of corporations, representatives of international
development agencies and private foundations, commercial banks, farming and
many others have gathered in Arusha to play in Africa’s agriculture
transforming process.
Melinda
Gates, co-chair of the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, who was in Arusha
to address forum attendees, noted the significant progress that has been made in African
agriculture over the past decade, and appealed for continued support from
African leaders.
“I urge Africa’s
leaders to re-commit to your pledge to help farm families increase their
productivity. I urge you to set an agenda for the next decade that is even more
ambitious,” said Ms. Gates. “I hope you take great care that your pledges and
plans are geared to help farm families achieve their goals.”
AGRF 2012 is the global platform for
the promotion of the significant private sector investment and policy support
needed to increase agricultural productivity and income growth for the African
agricultural sector.
Story
by Kofi Adu Domfeh/in Arusha, Tanzania
Wednesday, September 26, 2012
Kofi Annan and Melinda Gates set tone for African Green Revolution Forum 2012
They also toured a commercial
village dedicated to cassava processing, which is part of the Cassava Village
Processing Programme (CVPP), an initiative supported by AGRA and implemented by
Farm Concern International (FCI) in Eastern Africa.
The exercise was to learn more
about the positive impact that higher yields and increased market opportunities
bring to farm families, prior to the start of the three-day African Green
Revolution Forum (AGRF 2012) in Arusha, Tanzania.
Later at a media briefing, the former
Secretary-General of the United Nations observed that “agricultural
transformation can be done and transformation is taking place”.
Mr. Annan shared his impressions on the activities of smallholder
farmers, especially in their adaptation techniques to climate change, and
emphasised his belief that “our farmers and farmers generally are very smart;
what they need is support, the right inputs and they will get it done”.
He also enjoined Africans living in the cities to give the farmers some respect.
Mr. Annan will chair the AGRF 201, hosted by President Jakaya
Mrisho Kikwete of the Republic of Tanzania.
The Forum brings together
hundreds of stakeholders to recognize and celebrate the agricultural
progress that has been delivered by African leadership to date, and the
continuing investments in agriculture needed to build self-sufficient and more
prosperous societies for the long term.
The overall focus of the Forum is to improve the life of the farmer to become more self-sufficient
and empowered to reduce hunger and poverty in local communities.
Ms. Gates described African
smallholder farmers as “incredibly ingenious” in the difficult task of having
to produce their crops.
She is looking up to African leaders renewing their
commitments to invest 10 percent of national budgets into agriculture when the
Maputo Declaration hits the tenth year in 2013.
“Renewing that commitment next year is going to be
incredibly important because we’re seeing countries that are moving closer and
closer to that commitment [and] really letting people out of hunger. So everything
that we’re talking about today is putting the farmer at the centre”, said Ms.
Gates.
AGRA’s commitment, she added, is
to connect the smallholder farmers to all levels of markets to obtain large
incomes from increased yield.
The Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation and the Rockefeller
Foundation spearheaded the institution of AGRA.
Story by Kofi Adu Domfeh/ in Arusha, Tanzania
Tuesday, September 25, 2012
African Green Revolution Forum 2012: technology for food security
Food
Security, according to the World Food Summit of 1996, exists “when all people
at all times have access to sufficient, safe, nutritious food to maintain a
healthy and active life”.
This
definition takes into account both physical and economic access, availability
and use of food that meets people's dietary needs as well as their food
preferences.
In
Europe and North America, people are increasingly becoming socially conscious
to eat ethical – most times opting for “clean” pesticide-free food.
In
sub-Sahara Africa, however, where the food imports of most countries far
outweigh local production levels, the ‘luxury’ of choosing what to eat is yet
to gain momentum as people would rather dream of sufficiency in food
availability.
The introduction
of appropriate water management systems to use as irrigation, increasing use of
fertilizers and improved seeds and preserving natural resources are critical to
securing a greener Africa, said Prof. Richard
Mkandawire, Advisor
and Head of Agriculture Unit at the New Partnership for Africa’s Development (NEPAD).
“It
can be as green as national governments are committed to reforms in policy to ensure
that there is an enabling environment, to allow the private sector to
participate in the agricultural sector” he added.
To improving
food security and agricultural growth in Africa, the
adoption and use of new technologies are imperative, which in turn will require more and better investments in Research
and Development as well as transfer of technologies.
The
African Green Revolution Forum 2012 will be exploring the subject of applying
technologies to build the
foundations for rapid growth in agricultural productivity.
There are thorny
and
debatable issues with the adoption
of certain agricultural innovations
like genetically modified seeds, which are being pushed as alternatives
to combat low crop yield of farmers who are battling with poor soil fertility,
pests and diseases.
But Daniel
Otunge of the African Agricultural Technology Foundation
(AATF) believes it is high time Africa explored
the potentials of GMOs to be agriculturally productive.
“There are a number of countries within even the
European Union who are growing the GM crops”, he said, noting that about 90 percent of
maize and soyabean sold on the world market is genetically modified, mostly to
meet demands in the EU.
“Therefore, my advise to African leaders is that we really
need to think for ourselves and look at what is good for us without having to
look at Europe because most European countries do not have food insecurity problems”,
said Mr. Otunge. “Our farmers cannot even afford fertilizers, they cannot
afford herbicides, they cannot afford pesticides; now if there are technologies
that can reduce these burdens of framers, then we need to evaluate them, using
our trained scientists and regulators and them adopt them and avail them to our
farmers”.
Story by Kofi
Adu Domfeh/ in Arusha, Tanzania
Monday, September 24, 2012
African Green Revolution Forum 2012: expectations
For
the smallholder yam farmer at Mampong-Ejura in the Ashanti region of Ghana or
the young graduate seeking opportunities in agribusiness, issues to be
discussed at the African Green Revolution Forum (AGRF 2012) should be of great
interest.
The
next milestone to develop an African-led food security solutions would be shaped
at the Forum holding in Arusha, Tanzania later this week.
AGRF
2012, under the theme ‘Scaling investment and innovation
for sustainable agricultural growth and food security’, sets
the stage for Africa’s leaders to promote investments and policy support to
increase agricultural productivity and income growth for African farmers.
“One
thing that Mr. [Kofi] Annan has said over and over again is that he does not
want a talk shop; he wants to see action points – what are the things we are
committing to do?” stated Sylvia Mwichuli, Executive
Producer of the Forum and Director
Communications at the Alliance for a Green
Revolution in Africa (AGRA).
The
AGRF is a private-sector led initiative which will brings together African
governments, private agribusiness firms, financial institutions, farmers, civil
society organizations and scientists to discuss and develop concrete investment
plans for achieving the green revolution in Africa.
A
post on social networking to engage people’s expectations generated interesting
comments and ideas.
According
to David Raymond Quojo Asiamah of the Agro Mindset Organisation, policies
must link producers to markets and enable value to be created throughout the
supply chain to help create income opportunities and diversify rural
activities, whilst ensuring environmentally sustainable production.
“In order to provide the conditions that
will permit poor farm households to improve their own lives, governments,
non-governmental organisations and international agencies must understand more
clearly the agro ecological, physical, economic and cultural environment within
which farmers and their families live – their farming systems” he wrote. “Only
in this way can realistic policies, investments and technical assistance
programmes be developed and implemented, and the latent capacity of the farming
population fully released”.Jane Karuku, President of AGRA has noted that smallholder farmers are at the centre of activities, saying that the future will be more prosperous if African farmers are provided the tools they need to grow more and improve their incomes.
Leadership
policy therefore remains crucial in the African agricultural transformation.
“They
[Africa leaders] should ensure that agriculture protocols set are followed up
promptly”, says Geoffrey Onditi, Kenyan journalist with keen interest in
agriculture.
Similar
concerns are shared by Felix Abugu, an Editor with Nigeria’s Guardian Newspaper,
who can’t understand why some countries in Africa produce excess food whilst
others starve. He believes policies should promote continent-wide distribution
of food.
With
the recent $3 billion commitment at the G8 Summit to a New Alliance for Food
Security and Nutrition, the African Green Revolution Forum would be looking for
ways to increase the public-private sector partnership to drive global food
security efforts.
“Everyone
who matters in agriculture is coming to Arusha, so when we leave this place, we’ll
be able to say, if it’s issues to do with policy, what policy do we need to change
and who’s taking responsibility for making sure the change happens”, noted Sylvia Mwichuli.
Friday, September 14, 2012
Thinking value chain for youth in agriculture
Agriculture,
the backbone of Africa’s economy, is threatened by an ageing production population
as young people turn away from farming, often thought to be difficult, time
consuming, risky and not very profitable.
In
Ghana for instance, majority of farmers are interested in empowering their
children to take up professions other than farming as their future economic activity.
“No
farmer is expecting the child to land on the farm because we don’t make agric a
very good profession for it to be very attractive to the farmers themselves to
be able to introduce their children into the practice,” observed Emmanuel
Arthur, Managing Director of Kuapa Kokoo Company Limited, a farmers’ cooperative.
According
to him, there is the urgent need to reflect on agricultural policies to
ascertain business ideals and attractiveness to the youth, otherwise “we’ll get
to a point that we’ll not be able to produce the food we eat, the cash crop
that we export and the country could be in serious crises”.
Majority
of the people engaged in agriculture are believed to be over 50 years old,
hence calls for Africa to think critically about how to attract the youth to
replace the aging farming population.
Suggestions
include the integration of agriculture into school curricula, easy access to
land, capital, technical knowledge and equipment for successful ventures.
Dr. Samuel Kojo Dapaah, a Special Advisor to
Ghana’s Minister of Food and Agriculture, believes the youth should be better
off so long as their concerns with agricultural mechanization, transportation,
water and other basic amenities are provided.
However,
there is growing advocacy to rather encourage the youth to get higher up in the
agricultural value chain.
Some African researchers involved in the GDN Global Research
Project, ‘Supporting Policy Research to
Inform Agricultural Policy in Sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia’, have strongly pointed to the need to shift from actual production
at the farm house to value addition ventures for the youth.
At a recent workshop to present five policy briefing
papers to help shape debates on
agricultural policies in sub-Saharan
Africa,
Prof. Chris Ackello-Ogutu at the University of Nairobi, stated that young
people would be more interested in value addition than actual production.
He
said whilst it is important for the youth to change their mindset and attitude
towards agriculture, they should be pushed to the value chains.
“We
need to push for policies and strategies that can engage the youth in value
addition higher up in the value chain and there are opportunities for that;
providing extension services at the lower level and investing in processing and
packaging and in public relations in the provision of market information”,
stated Prof. Ackello-Ogutu.
Other
opportunities for the youth in agriculture have been identified in food retail,
catering, input supply and research – but these jobs generally require higher
levels of education and different skills.
The
2012 international conference on “Young People, Farming and Food” debated
research findings and policy options for youth engagement in agriculture.
It
was observed that the agrifood sector in Africa, in the coming years, will
undergo significant transformation that will result in both challenges and opportunities
for young people.
Experts
at the forum noted that policy interest in linking young people to agriculture should
not ignore important drivers, trends and developments that are impacting on
both young people’s aspirations and the structure of the agrifood sector.
Prof.
Saa Dittoh, Head of Food Nutrition and Security at the University of
Development Studies, Tamale says the marketing component of the agricultural value
chain should be promoted.
According to the GDN policy paper on ‘Long-term
Challenges to Food Security and Rural Livelihoods in sub-Saharan Africa’, Africa’s urban populations and incomes are growing and
with that will come greater demand for marketed food.
“The
youth are becoming very innovative, so looking at the value chain and where
they can fit in and not necessarily just on the farm but find out what they can
do with the produce, is going to be very important”, observed Prof. Dittoh.
In
November 2012, hundreds of public and private sector players in agriculture
will be participating in an international conference on agricultural value
chains in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Though the event has no specific
focus on youth, youth employment may be touched on by the session
being organized by International Labour Organization (ILO).
Senior
Technical Advisor for Market-Led Development at the Technical Centre for Agricultural and Rural
Cooperation (CTA), Andrew
W. Shepherd is uncertain “how policies could drive people
into value chains as value chains depend, primarily, on satisfying consumer
demand, but as demand increases for processed and semi-processed products there
will be more employment opportunities”.
As
the experts meet to develop a greater understanding of the factors necessary
for value chains to thrive, it is expected that young people in Africa would share
in the knowledge and experiences to venture the agricultural value chain for
gainful employment and contribute to food security.
adomfeh@gmail.com
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